Machine Shorthand Reporters
Overview
Snapshot
Summary
Machine Shorthand Reporters record and reproduce the spoken word in court and parliamentary proceedings, television programming, and for the deaf and hearing impaired, using handwritten shorthand, stenotype shorthand machines, computer-assisted transcription software, and sound recording equipment.
Specialisations: Braille Transcriber, Court Reporter, Hansard Reporter, Realtime Reporter, Stenocaptioner.
Formal qualifications are not essential to work as a Machine Shorthand Reporter. Although most workers have a university degree or a Vocational Education and Training (VET) qualification in areas like secretarial and clerical studies, keyboarding, law, business and management, communication, media or journalism.
Tasks
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Takes verbatim records of proceedings in rapid shorthand using computerised equipment and shorthand-writing machines.
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Transcribes information recorded in shorthand and on sound recording equipment, and proofreads and corrects copy.
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Reads portions of transcripts during trials and other proceedings on request of judges and other officials.
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Reproduces the spoken word, environmental sounds and song lyrics as captions for television programs, and the deaf or hearing impaired.
Characteristics
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University
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Vocational Education and Training (VET)
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Informal or on-the-job
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Administrative
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Sedentary
Outlook
JSA produces employment projections to show where likely future job opportunities may be. Employment projections data are only produced for occupations at the broad four digit Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ANZSCO) level. While data are not available for this occupation, projections data are available for the parent occupation, Keyboard Operators, under the outlook section.
Earnings and hours
Working arrangements
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Around 49% of people employed as Machine Shorthand Reporters work full-time hours, in all their jobs combined. This is 17 percentage points below the all jobs average (66%).
Full-time workers work an average of 41 hours per week in their main job. This is similar to the all jobs average (44 hours per week).
Sources:Full-time share and full-time hours: ABS, 2016 Census, customised report. Compared to the all jobs average.
Industries
Main industries
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Machine Shorthand Reporters work in industries like:
- Public administration and safety
- Administrative and support services
- Information media and telecommunications
- Health care and social assistance.
Source: Based on ABS Census 2016, Customised Report.
Regions
Employment across Australia
NSW
VIC
QLD
SA
WA
TAS
NT
ACT
Employment by State and Territory (% Share)
State | Machine Shorthand Reporters | All Jobs Average |
---|---|---|
NSW | 34.7 | 31.6 |
VIC | 23.8 | 25.6 |
QLD | 16.5 | 20.0 |
SA | 10.5 | 7.0 |
WA | 8.3 | 10.8 |
TAS | 2.8 | 2.0 |
NT | 1.1 | 1.0 |
ACT | 2.3 | 1.9 |
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Around 79% of Machine Shorthand Reporters live in capital cities, compared with the all jobs average of 62%.
South Australia and New South Wales have a large share of employment relative to their population size.
The regions with the largest share of workers are:
Source: Based on ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Share of workers across Australian states, territories and regions, in this job compared to the all jobs average.
Worker profile
Age and gender
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The median age of Machine Shorthand Reporters is 48 years. This is higher than the all jobs average of 40 years.
A large share of workers are aged 45 to 54 years.
Females make up 82% of the workforce. This is 34 percentage points above the all jobs average of 48%.
Source: Based on ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Age profile and gender share compared to the all jobs average.
Age Profile (% Share)
Age Bracket | Machine Shorthand Reporters | All Jobs Average |
---|---|---|
15-19 | 0.6 | 5.0 |
20-24 | 7.2 | 9.3 |
25-34 | 16.8 | 22.9 |
35-44 | 15.4 | 22.0 |
45-54 | 25.1 | 21.6 |
55-59 | 13.0 | 9.0 |
60-64 | 11.8 | 6.0 |
65 and Over | 10.0 | 4.2 |
Median Age | 48 | 40 |
Source: Based on ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Age profile of workers in this job compared to the all jobs average.
Employment Pathways
Education, training and experience
Formal qualifications are not essential to work as a Machine Shorthand Reporter. Although most workers have a university degree or a Vocational Education and Training (VET) qualification in areas like secretarial and clerical studies, keyboarding, law, business and management, communication, media or journalism.
Visit
- My Skills to compare Vocational Education and Training (VET) courses, providers and student outcomes.
- AAPathways website to explore Business Services VET training pathways.
Highest Level of Education (% Share)
Type of Qualification | Machine Shorthand Reporters | All Jobs Average |
---|---|---|
Post Graduate/Graduate Diploma or Graduate Certificate | 9.4 | 10.1 |
Bachelor degree | 28.5 | 21.8 |
Advanced Diploma/Diploma | 17.2 | 11.6 |
Certificate III/IV | 7.2 | 21.1 |
Year 12 | 22.3 | 18.1 |
Year 11 | 5.6 | 4.8 |
Year 10 and below | 9.8 | 12.5 |
Source: ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Highest qualification completed by workers in this job (in any field of study). Qualifications needed by new workers might be different from the qualifications of workers already in the job.
Skills and Knowledge
Employers look for Keyboard Operators who are accurate, pay attention to detail and have strong computer literacy.
Skills
Skills can be improved through training or experience.
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50%
Active listeningListening to others, not interrupting, and asking good questions.
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50%
Reading comprehensionReading work related information.
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46%
WritingWriting things for co-workers or customers.
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43%
Critical thinkingThinking about the pros and cons of different ways to solve a problem.
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43%
SpeakingTalking to others.
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41%
Active learningBeing able to use what you have learnt to solve problems now and again in the future.
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39%
MonitoringKeeping track of how well work is progressing so you can make changes or improvements.
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37%
Time managementManaging your own and other peoples' time to get work done.
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32%
Social perceptivenessUnderstanding why people react the way they do.
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32%
Complex problem solvingNoticing a problem and figuring out the best way to solve it.
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32%
Coordination with othersBeing adaptable and coordinating work with other people.
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32%
Serving othersLooking for ways to help people.
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30%
Judgment and decision makingFiguring out the pros and cons of different options and choosing the best one.
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29%
Operation monitoringWatching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
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27%
Quality control analysisDoing tests and checking products, services, or processes to make sure they are working properly.
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25%
Operation and controlControlling equipment or systems.
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23%
Learning strategiesFiguring out the best way to teach or learn something new.
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21%
NegotiationBringing people together and trying to sort out their differences.
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18%
PersuasionTalking people into changing their minds or their behaviour.
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16%
Systems analysisFiguring out how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect it.
Knowledge
These are important topics, subjects or knowledge areas.
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83%
ClericalWord processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and other office work.
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74%
English languageEnglish language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
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65%
Computers and electronicsCircuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
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51%
Customer and personal serviceUnderstanding customer needs, providing good quality service, and measuring customer satisfaction.
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48%
Law and governmentHow our laws and courts work. Government rules and regulations, and the political system.
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26%
Administration and managementBusiness principles involved in strategic planning, leadership, and coordinating people and resources.
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24%
Production and processingRaw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ways of making and distributing goods.
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19%
Education and trainingCurriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
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16%
MathematicsArithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, or statistics.
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16%
Sales and marketingShowing, promoting, and selling including marketing strategy, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
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16%
Economics and accountingEconomics and accounting, the financial markets, banking and checking and reporting of financial data.
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15%
PsychologyHuman behaviour; differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; research methods; assessing and treating disorders.
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13%
GeographyDescribing land, sea, and air, including their physical characteristics, locations, how they work together, and the location of plant, animal, and human life.
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12%
Communications and mediaMedia production, communication, and dissemination. Includes written, spoken, and visual media.
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10%
Engineering and technologyUse engineering, science and technology to design and produce goods and services.
-
9%
Public safety and securityUse of equipment, rules and ideas to protect people, data, property, and institutions.
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8%
Personnel and human resourcesRecruiting and training people, managing pay and other entitlements (like sick leave), and negotiating pay and conditions.
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8%
TelecommunicationsTransmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
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7%
MechanicalMachines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
-
5%
Foreign languageForeign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Abilities
Workers use these physical and mental abilities..
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57%
Oral comprehensionListen to and understand what people say.
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55%
Speech recognitionIdentify and understand the speech of another person.
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54%
Near visionSee details that are up-close (within a few feet).
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54%
Oral expressionCommunicate by speaking.
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54%
Written comprehensionRead and understand written information.
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48%
Written expressionWrite in a way that people can understand.
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48%
Sorting or orderingOrder or arrange things in a pattern or sequence (e.g., numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
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46%
Selective attentionPay attention to something without being distracted.
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43%
Deductive reasoningUse general rules to find answers or solve problems logically.
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43%
Speech claritySpeak clearly so others can understand you.
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41%
Finger dexterityPut together small parts with your fingers.
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41%
Problem spottingNotice when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong, even if you can't solve the problem.
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37%
Inductive reasoningUse lots of detailed information to come up with answers or make general rules.
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36%
Auditory attentionPay attention to a certain sound when there are other distracting sounds.
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36%
Wrist-finger speedMake fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
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36%
CategorisingCome up with different ways of grouping things.
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34%
Control precisionQuickly change the controls of a machine, car, truck or boat.
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34%
MultitaskingDo two or more things at the same time.
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34%
Perceptual speedUse your eyes to quickly compare groups of letters, numbers, pictures, or other things.
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29%
Manual dexterityQuickly move your hand to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Activities
These are kinds of activities workers regularly do in this job.
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83%
Documenting or recording informationEntering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
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68%
Planning and prioritising workDeciding on goals and putting together a detailed plan to get the work done.
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67%
Keeping your knowledge up-to-dateKeeping up-to-date with technology and new ideas.
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67%
Collecting and organising informationCompiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or checking information or data.
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62%
Building good relationshipsBuilding good working relationships and keeping them over time.
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62%
Researching and investigatingLooking for, getting and understanding different kinds of information.
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60%
Working with computersUsing computers to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
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55%
Communicating within a teamGiving information to co-workers by telephone, in writing, or in person.
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54%
Providing office supportDoing day-to-day office work such as filing and processing paperwork.
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52%
Communicating with the publicGiving information to the public, business or government by telephone, in writing, or in person.
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48%
Working with the publicGreeting or serving customers, clients or guests, and public speaking or performing.
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45%
Looking for changes over timeComparing objects, actions, or events. Looking for differences between them or changes over time.
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45%
Monitoring people, processes and thingsChecking objects, actions, or events, and keeping an eye out for problems.
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43%
Making decisions and solving problemsUsing information to work out the best solution and solve problems.
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42%
Controlling equipment or machinesOperating machines or processes either directly or using controls (not including computers or vehicles).
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41%
Scheduling work and activitiesWorking out the timing of events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
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40%
Checking compliance with standardsDeciding whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
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33%
Working with electronic equipmentServicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing electronic devices and equipment.
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31%
Explaining things to peopleHelping people to understand and use information.
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30%
Checking for errors or defectsInspecting equipment, structures, or materials for errors, problems or defects.
Interests and demands
Learn about the daily activities, and physical and social demands faced by workers. Explore the values and work styles that workers rate as most important.
Interests
Interests are the style or type of work we prefer to do. All interest areas are shown below.
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90%
AdministrativeFollowing set procedures and routines. Working with numbers and details more than with ideas, usually following rules.
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48%
EnterprisingStarting up and carrying out projects. Leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes require risk taking and often deal with business.
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38%
HelpingWorking with people. Helping or providing service to others.
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33%
CreativeWorking with forms, designs and patterns. Often need self-expression and can be done without following rules.
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24%
AnalyticalIdeas and thinking. Searching for facts and figuring out problems in your head.
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19%
PracticalPractical, hands-on work. Often with plants and animals, or materials like wood, tools, and machinery.
Values
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62%
RelationshipsServe and work with others. Workers usually get along well with each other, do things to help other people, and are rarely pressured to do things that go against their sense of right and wrong.
-
57%
AchievementResults oriented. Workers are able to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment.
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57%
SupportSupportive management that stands behind employees. Workers are treated fairly by their company, they are supported by management, and have supervisors who train them well.
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52%
IndependenceWork alone and make decisions. Workers are able to try out their own ideas, make decisions on their own, and work with little or no supervision.
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48%
Working conditionsJob security and good working conditions. There is usually a steady flow of interesting work, and the pay and conditions are generally good.
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43%
RecognitionAdvancement and the potential to lead. Workers are recognised for the work that they do, they may give directions and instructions to others, and they are looked up to in their company and their community.
Demands
-
100%
Repeating same tasksRepeat the same tasks or activities (e.g., key entry) over and over, without stopping.
-
99%
Being exact or accurateBe very exact or highly accurate.
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98%
Spend time sittingSpend time sitting at work.
-
94%
Using your hands to handle, control, or feelSpend time using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls.
-
93%
Making repetitive motionsSpend time making repetitive motions.
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91%
Indoors, heat controlledWork indoors with access to heating or cooling.
-
90%
Face-to-face discussionsTalk with people face-to-face.
-
89%
Unstructured workHave freedom to decide on tasks, priorities, and goals.
-
87%
Freedom to make decisionsHave freedom to make decision on your own.
-
86%
Time pressureWork to strict deadlines.
-
82%
Impact of decisionsMake decisions that have a large impact on other people.
-
81%
TelephoneTalk on the telephone.
-
80%
Contact with peopleHave contact with people by telephone, face-to-face, or any other way.
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80%
Electronic mailUse electronic mail.
-
72%
Contact with the publicWork with customers or the public.
-
71%
Frequent decision makingFrequently make decisions that impact other people.
-
69%
Physically close to peopleWork physically close to other people.
-
67%
Letters and memosWrite letters and memos.
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66%
TeamworkWork with people in a group or team.
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62%
Consequence of errorWork where mistakes have serious consequences.
O*NET is a trademark of the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration.
The skills and importance ratings on this page are derived from the US Department of Labor O*NET Database Version 21.2, 23-2091.00 - Court Reporters.
Links and downloads
Research and reports
The Skills Priority List provides a current labour market rating and a future demand rating for nearly 800 occupations nationally. Current labour market ratings are available for occupations at a state and territory level.
Downloads
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Occupation profiles data are available for download.
The Employment Projections are available for download.