Machine Shorthand Reporters

ANZSCO ID 532112

Overview

Snapshot

Employed
1,300
Future Growth
N/A
Weekly Earnings
N/A
Full-Time Share
49%
Female Share
82%
Average age
48

Summary

Machine Shorthand Reporters record and reproduce the spoken word in court and parliamentary proceedings, television programming, and for the deaf and hearing impaired, using handwritten shorthand, stenotype shorthand machines, computer-assisted transcription software, and sound recording equipment.

Specialisations: Braille Transcriber, Court Reporter, Hansard Reporter, Realtime Reporter, Stenocaptioner.

Formal qualifications are not essential to work as a Machine Shorthand Reporter. Although most workers have a university degree or a Vocational Education and Training (VET) qualification in areas like secretarial and clerical studies, keyboarding, law, business and management, communication, media or journalism.

Tasks

  • Takes verbatim records of proceedings in rapid shorthand using computerised equipment and shorthand-writing machines.

  • Transcribes information recorded in shorthand and on sound recording equipment, and proofreads and corrects copy.

  • Reads portions of transcripts during trials and other proceedings on request of judges and other officials.

  • Reproduces the spoken word, environmental sounds and song lyrics as captions for television programs, and the deaf or hearing impaired.

Characteristics

Job Type
Clerical And Administrative Workers
Skill Level
Lower skill
ANZSCO Occupation group
Unemployment Rate
n/a
Industries
Pathway(s)
  • University
  • Vocational Education and Training (VET)
  • Informal or on-the-job
Interests
  • Administrative
Physical Demand
  • Sedentary

Outlook

Employment Outlook

JSA produces employment projections to show where likely future job opportunities may be. Employment projections data are only produced for occupations at the broad four digit Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ANZSCO) level. While data are not available for this occupation, projections data are available for the parent occupation, Keyboard Operators, under the outlook section.


Earnings and hours

Working arrangements

  • Around 49% of people employed as Machine Shorthand Reporters work full-time hours, in all their jobs combined. This is 17 percentage points below the all jobs average (66%).

    Full-time workers work an average of 41 hours per week in their main job. This is similar to the all jobs average (44 hours per week).

    Sources:Full-time share and full-time hours: ABS, 2016 Census, customised report. Compared to the all jobs average.


Industries

Main industries

1
Public Administration and Safety
33.9%
2
Administrative and Support Services
33.8%
3
Information Media and Telecommunications
13.7%
4
Health Care and Social Assistance
5.0%
5
Other industries
11.6%

Regions

Employment across Australia

NSW

34.7% All occupations: 31.6%

VIC

23.8% All occupations: 25.6%

QLD

16.5% All occupations: 20.0%

SA

10.5% All occupations: 7.0%

WA

8.3% All occupations: 10.8%

TAS

2.8% All occupations: 2.0%

NT

1.1% All occupations: 1.0%

ACT

2.3% All occupations: 1.9%

Employment by State and Territory (% Share)

State Machine Shorthand Reporters All Jobs Average
NSW 34.7 31.6
VIC 23.8 25.6
QLD 16.5 20.0
SA 10.5 7.0
WA 8.3 10.8
TAS 2.8 2.0
NT 1.1 1.0
ACT 2.3 1.9


  • Around 79% of Machine Shorthand Reporters live in capital cities, compared with the all jobs average of 62%.

    South Australia and New South Wales have a large share of employment relative to their population size.

    The regions with the largest share of workers are:

    Source: Based on ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Share of workers across Australian states, territories and regions, in this job compared to the all jobs average.


Worker profile

Age and gender

Age In Years
48
All Jobs Average is 40
Female Share
82%
All Jobs Average is 48%
  • The median age of Machine Shorthand Reporters is 48 years. This is higher than the all jobs average of 40 years.

    A large share of workers are aged 45 to 54 years.

    Females make up 82% of the workforce. This is 34 percentage points above the all jobs average of 48%.

    Source: Based on ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Age profile and gender share compared to the all jobs average.

Age Profile (% Share)

Source: Based on ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Age profile of workers in this job compared to the all jobs average.
Age Bracket Machine Shorthand Reporters All Jobs Average
15-19 0.6 5.0
20-24 7.2 9.3
25-34 16.8 22.9
35-44 15.4 22.0
45-54 25.1 21.6
55-59 13.0 9.0
60-64 11.8 6.0
65 and Over 10.0 4.2
Median Age 48 40

Source: Based on ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Age profile of workers in this job compared to the all jobs average.


Employment Pathways

Education, training and experience

Formal qualifications are not essential to work as a Machine Shorthand Reporter. Although most workers have a university degree or a Vocational Education and Training (VET) qualification in areas like secretarial and clerical studies, keyboarding, law, business and management, communication, media or journalism.

Visit

  • My Skills to compare Vocational Education and Training (VET) courses, providers and student outcomes.
  • AAPathways website to explore Business Services VET training pathways.

Highest Level of Education (% Share)

Source: ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Highest qualification completed by workers in this job (in any field of study). Qualifications needed by new workers might be different from the qualifications of workers already in the job.
Type of Qualification Machine Shorthand Reporters All Jobs Average
Post Graduate/Graduate Diploma or Graduate Certificate 9.4 10.1
Bachelor degree 28.5 21.8
Advanced Diploma/Diploma 17.2 11.6
Certificate III/IV 7.2 21.1
Year 12 22.3 18.1
Year 11 5.6 4.8
Year 10 and below 9.8 12.5

Source: ABS Census 2016, Customised Report. Highest qualification completed by workers in this job (in any field of study). Qualifications needed by new workers might be different from the qualifications of workers already in the job.


Skills and Knowledge

Employers look for Keyboard Operators who are accurate, pay attention to detail and have strong computer literacy.

Skills

Skills can be improved through training or experience.

  • 50%

    Active listening

    Listening to others, not interrupting, and asking good questions.

  • 50%

    Reading comprehension

    Reading work related information.

  • 46%

    Writing

    Writing things for co-workers or customers.

  • 43%

    Critical thinking

    Thinking about the pros and cons of different ways to solve a problem.

  • 43%

    Speaking

    Talking to others.

  • 41%

    Active learning

    Being able to use what you have learnt to solve problems now and again in the future.

  • 39%

    Monitoring

    Keeping track of how well work is progressing so you can make changes or improvements.

  • 37%

    Time management

    Managing your own and other peoples' time to get work done.

  • 32%

    Social perceptiveness

    Understanding why people react the way they do.

  • 32%

    Complex problem solving

    Noticing a problem and figuring out the best way to solve it.

  • 32%

    Coordination with others

    Being adaptable and coordinating work with other people.

  • 32%

    Serving others

    Looking for ways to help people.

  • 30%

    Judgment and decision making

    Figuring out the pros and cons of different options and choosing the best one.

  • 29%

    Operation monitoring

    Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.

  • 27%

    Quality control analysis

    Doing tests and checking products, services, or processes to make sure they are working properly.

  • 25%

    Operation and control

    Controlling equipment or systems.

  • 23%

    Learning strategies

    Figuring out the best way to teach or learn something new.

  • 21%

    Negotiation

    Bringing people together and trying to sort out their differences.

  • 18%

    Persuasion

    Talking people into changing their minds or their behaviour.

  • 16%

    Systems analysis

    Figuring out how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect it.


Knowledge

These are important topics, subjects or knowledge areas.

  • 83%

    Clerical

    Word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and other office work.

  • 74%

    English language

    English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.

  • 65%

    Computers and electronics

    Circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.

  • 51%

    Customer and personal service

    Understanding customer needs, providing good quality service, and measuring customer satisfaction.

  • 48%

    Law and government

    How our laws and courts work. Government rules and regulations, and the political system.

  • 26%

    Administration and management

    Business principles involved in strategic planning, leadership, and coordinating people and resources.

  • 24%

    Production and processing

    Raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ways of making and distributing goods.

  • 19%

    Education and training

    Curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.

  • 16%

    Mathematics

    Arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, or statistics.

  • 16%

    Sales and marketing

    Showing, promoting, and selling including marketing strategy, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.

  • 16%

    Economics and accounting

    Economics and accounting, the financial markets, banking and checking and reporting of financial data.

  • 15%

    Psychology

    Human behaviour; differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; research methods; assessing and treating disorders.

  • 13%

    Geography

    Describing land, sea, and air, including their physical characteristics, locations, how they work together, and the location of plant, animal, and human life.

  • 12%

    Communications and media

    Media production, communication, and dissemination. Includes written, spoken, and visual media.

  • 10%

    Engineering and technology

    Use engineering, science and technology to design and produce goods and services.

  • 9%

    Public safety and security

    Use of equipment, rules and ideas to protect people, data, property, and institutions.

  • 8%

    Personnel and human resources

    Recruiting and training people, managing pay and other entitlements (like sick leave), and negotiating pay and conditions.

  • 8%

    Telecommunications

    Transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.

  • 7%

    Mechanical

    Machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.

  • 5%

    Foreign language

    Foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.


Abilities

Workers use these physical and mental abilities..

  • 57%

    Oral comprehension

    Listen to and understand what people say.

  • 55%

    Speech recognition

    Identify and understand the speech of another person.

  • 54%

    Near vision

    See details that are up-close (within a few feet).

  • 54%

    Oral expression

    Communicate by speaking.

  • 54%

    Written comprehension

    Read and understand written information.

  • 48%

    Written expression

    Write in a way that people can understand.

  • 48%

    Sorting or ordering

    Order or arrange things in a pattern or sequence (e.g., numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).

  • 46%

    Selective attention

    Pay attention to something without being distracted.

  • 43%

    Deductive reasoning

    Use general rules to find answers or solve problems logically.

  • 43%

    Speech clarity

    Speak clearly so others can understand you.

  • 41%

    Finger dexterity

    Put together small parts with your fingers.

  • 41%

    Problem spotting

    Notice when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong, even if you can't solve the problem.

  • 37%

    Inductive reasoning

    Use lots of detailed information to come up with answers or make general rules.

  • 36%

    Auditory attention

    Pay attention to a certain sound when there are other distracting sounds.

  • 36%

    Wrist-finger speed

    Make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.

  • 36%

    Categorising

    Come up with different ways of grouping things.

  • 34%

    Control precision

    Quickly change the controls of a machine, car, truck or boat.

  • 34%

    Multitasking

    Do two or more things at the same time.

  • 34%

    Perceptual speed

    Use your eyes to quickly compare groups of letters, numbers, pictures, or other things.

  • 29%

    Manual dexterity

    Quickly move your hand to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.


Activities

These are kinds of activities workers regularly do in this job.

  • 83%

    Documenting or recording information

    Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.

  • 68%

    Planning and prioritising work

    Deciding on goals and putting together a detailed plan to get the work done.

  • 67%

    Keeping your knowledge up-to-date

    Keeping up-to-date with technology and new ideas.

  • 67%

    Collecting and organising information

    Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or checking information or data.

  • 62%

    Building good relationships

    Building good working relationships and keeping them over time.

  • 62%

    Researching and investigating

    Looking for, getting and understanding different kinds of information.

  • 60%

    Working with computers

    Using computers to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.

  • 55%

    Communicating within a team

    Giving information to co-workers by telephone, in writing, or in person.

  • 54%

    Providing office support

    Doing day-to-day office work such as filing and processing paperwork.

  • 52%

    Communicating with the public

    Giving information to the public, business or government by telephone, in writing, or in person.

  • 48%

    Working with the public

    Greeting or serving customers, clients or guests, and public speaking or performing.

  • 45%

    Looking for changes over time

    Comparing objects, actions, or events. Looking for differences between them or changes over time.

  • 45%

    Monitoring people, processes and things

    Checking objects, actions, or events, and keeping an eye out for problems.

  • 43%

    Making decisions and solving problems

    Using information to work out the best solution and solve problems.

  • 42%

    Controlling equipment or machines

    Operating machines or processes either directly or using controls (not including computers or vehicles).

  • 41%

    Scheduling work and activities

    Working out the timing of events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.

  • 40%

    Checking compliance with standards

    Deciding whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.

  • 33%

    Working with electronic equipment

    Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing electronic devices and equipment.

  • 31%

    Explaining things to people

    Helping people to understand and use information.

  • 30%

    Checking for errors or defects

    Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials for errors, problems or defects.


Interests and demands

Learn about the daily activities, and physical and social demands faced by workers. Explore the values and work styles that workers rate as most important.

Interests

Interests are the style or type of work we prefer to do. All interest areas are shown below.

  • 90%

    Administrative

    Following set procedures and routines. Working with numbers and details more than with ideas, usually following rules.

  • 48%

    Enterprising

    Starting up and carrying out projects. Leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes require risk taking and often deal with business.

  • 38%

    Helping

    Working with people. Helping or providing service to others.

  • 33%

    Creative

    Working with forms, designs and patterns. Often need self-expression and can be done without following rules.

  • 24%

    Analytical

    Ideas and thinking. Searching for facts and figuring out problems in your head.

  • 19%

    Practical

    Practical, hands-on work. Often with plants and animals, or materials like wood, tools, and machinery.


Values

Work values are important to a person’s feeling of satisfaction. All six values are shown below.
  • 62%

    Relationships

    Serve and work with others. Workers usually get along well with each other, do things to help other people, and are rarely pressured to do things that go against their sense of right and wrong.

  • 57%

    Achievement

    Results oriented. Workers are able to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment.

  • 57%

    Support

    Supportive management that stands behind employees. Workers are treated fairly by their company, they are supported by management, and have supervisors who train them well.

  • 52%

    Independence

    Work alone and make decisions. Workers are able to try out their own ideas, make decisions on their own, and work with little or no supervision.

  • 48%

    Working conditions

    Job security and good working conditions. There is usually a steady flow of interesting work, and the pay and conditions are generally good.

  • 43%

    Recognition

    Advancement and the potential to lead. Workers are recognised for the work that they do, they may give directions and instructions to others, and they are looked up to in their company and their community.


Demands

The physical and social demands that workers face most often are shown below:
  • 100%

    Repeating same tasks

    Repeat the same tasks or activities (e.g., key entry) over and over, without stopping.

  • 99%

    Being exact or accurate

    Be very exact or highly accurate.

  • 98%

    Spend time sitting

    Spend time sitting at work.

  • 94%

    Using your hands to handle, control, or feel

    Spend time using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls.

  • 93%

    Making repetitive motions

    Spend time making repetitive motions.

  • 91%

    Indoors, heat controlled

    Work indoors with access to heating or cooling.

  • 90%

    Face-to-face discussions

    Talk with people face-to-face.

  • 89%

    Unstructured work

    Have freedom to decide on tasks, priorities, and goals.

  • 87%

    Freedom to make decisions

    Have freedom to make decision on your own.

  • 86%

    Time pressure

    Work to strict deadlines.

  • 82%

    Impact of decisions

    Make decisions that have a large impact on other people.

  • 81%

    Telephone

    Talk on the telephone.

  • 80%

    Contact with people

    Have contact with people by telephone, face-to-face, or any other way.

  • 80%

    Electronic mail

    Use electronic mail.

  • 72%

    Contact with the public

    Work with customers or the public.

  • 71%

    Frequent decision making

    Frequently make decisions that impact other people.

  • 69%

    Physically close to people

    Work physically close to other people.

  • 67%

    Letters and memos

    Write letters and memos.

  • 66%

    Teamwork

    Work with people in a group or team.

  • 62%

    Consequence of error

    Work where mistakes have serious consequences.

Occupational Information Network
O*NET is a trademark of the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration.
The skills and importance ratings on this page are derived from the US Department of Labor O*NET Database Version 21.2, 23-2091.00 - Court Reporters.


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